Pronombres en inglés y cómo se conjugan

1. ¿Qué es un pronombre?

Un pronombre es una palabra que reemplaza a un sustantivo para evitar repetirlo.

• María is my friend. She is nice. (She reemplaza a María)

• The book is new. It is expensive. (It reemplaza a the book)

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2. Tipos de pronombres en inglés

Tipo	Función	Ejemplos
Personales (sujeto)	Hacen la acción	I, you, he, she, it, we, they
Personales (objeto)	Reciben la acción	me, you, him, her, it, us, them
Posesivos (adjetivos)	Indican posesión + sustantivo	my, your, his, her, its, our, their
Posesivos (pronombres)	Indican posesión solos	mine, yours, his, hers, its, ours, theirs
Reflexivos	La acción recae en el sujeto	myself, yourself, himself, herself, itself, ourselves, yourselves, themselves
Demostrativos	Señalan	this, that, these, those
Indefinidos	Cantidad no específica	someone, anybody, nothing, everyone
Relativos	Conectan oraciones	who, whom, whose, which, that
Interrogativos	Preguntan	who, what, which, whom, whose

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3. Pronombres personales (los más importantes)

Tabla completa

Persona	Sujeto	Objeto	Posesivo (adj)	Posesivo (pron)	Reflexivo
1ª sing.	I	me	my	mine	myself
2ª sing.	you	you	your	yours	yourself
3ª sing. (m)	he	him	his	his	himself
3ª sing. (f)	she	her	her	hers	herself
3ª sing. (n)	it	it	its	its	itself
1ª plural	we	us	our	ours	ourselves
2ª plural	you	you	your	yours	yourselves
3ª plural	they	them	their	theirs	themselves

a) Pronombres de sujeto

Van antes del verbo, hacen la acción.

• I love music.

• She works here.

• They are students.

b) Pronombres de objeto

Van después del verbo o preposición.

• She loves me.

• I saw him yesterday.

• Give them the book.

• This is for us.

Diferencia clave:

• I saw her. (I = sujeto, her = objeto)

• She saw me. (She = sujeto, me = objeto)

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4. Pronombres posesivos

a) Adjetivos posesivos (van ANTES del sustantivo)

• My car is red.

• Your house is big.

• His name is John.

• Her hair is long.

• Our team won.

• Their children are young.

b) Pronombres posesivos (van SOLOS, sin sustantivo)

• This car is mine.

• That book is yours.

• The decision is his.

• The idea was hers.

• The victory is ours.

• The fault is theirs.

Diferencia:

• This is my book. (my + sustantivo)

• This book is mine. (mine solo)

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5. Pronombres reflexivos

Se usan cuando el sujeto y el objeto son la misma persona.

Estructura: S + V + reflexivo

• I hurt myself.

• She looks at herself in the mirror.

• They enjoyed themselves at the party.

• He taught himself to play guitar.

También se usan para énfasis:

• I did it myself. (yo mismo lo hice)

• The president himself came.

Verbos que en inglés NO son reflexivos (pero en español sí):

Español	Inglés
Me levanto	I get up
Me ducho	I take a shower
Me visto	I get dressed
Me siento	I sit down
Me acuerdo	I remember

❌ I get up myself → ✅ I get up

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6. Pronombres demostrativos

Singular	Plural	Uso
this	these	Cerca (aquí)
that	those	Lejos (allí)

• This is my book. (cerca)

• These are my books. (cerca, plural)

• That is your car. (lejos)

• Those are your cars. (lejos, plural)

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7. Pronombres indefinidos

Tipo	Pronombres
Personas	someone/somebody, anyone/anybody, no one/nobody, everyone/everybody
Cosas	something, anything, nothing, everything
Lugares	somewhere, anywhere, nowhere, everywhere

Reglas:

• Son singulares → Everyone is here. (no are)

• Nothing is impossible.

• Somebody left his/her bag.

Some vs any:

• Some en afirmativas: I have something.

• Any en negativas/preguntas: I don't have anything. / Do you have anything?

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8. Pronombres relativos

Pronombre	Uso	Ejemplo
who	Personas (sujeto)	The man who called is my uncle.
whom	Personas (objeto)	The girl whom I met is nice.
whose	Posesión	The boy whose father is a doctor.
which	Cosas/animales	The book which I read was good.
that	Personas o cosas	The car that I bought is red.

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9. Cómo se conjugan los verbos con pronombres

Aquí está la clave: el verbo cambia según el pronombre sujeto.

a) Verbo "to be" (ser/estar) — el más irregular

Pronombre	Presente	Pasado	Futuro
I	am	was	will be
You	are	were	will be
He	is	was	will be
She	is	was	will be
It	is	was	will be
We	are	were	will be
You (pl)	are	were	will be
They	are	were	will be

Ejemplos:

• I am tired.

• She is happy.

• They are students.

• We were at home.

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b) Verbo "to have" (tener)

Pronombre	Presente	Pasado	Futuro
I	have	had	will have
You	have	had	will have
He	has	had	will have
She	has	had	will have
It	has	had	will have
We	have	had	will have
You (pl)	have	had	will have
They	have	had	will have

Ejemplos:

• I have a car.

• She has a dog.

• They had a good time.

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c) Verbos regulares (work, play, study)

Pronombre	Presente	Pasado	Futuro
I	work	worked	will work
You	work	worked	will work
He	works	worked	will work
She	works	worked	will work
It	works	worked	will work
We	work	worked	will work
You (pl)	work	worked	will work
They	work	worked	will work

Regla de oro: Solo la 3ª persona singular (he, she, it) agrega -s/-es en presente simple.

Reglas del -s/-es:

• work → works

• watch → watches

• study → studies (consonante + y → ies)

• go → goes

• have → has (irregular)

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d) Verbo "to do" (hacer)

Pronombre	Presente	Pasado	Futuro
I	do	did	will do
You	do	did	will do
He	does	did	will do
She	does	did	will do
It	does	did	will do
We	do	did	will do
You (pl)	do	did	will do
They	do	did	will do

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10. Conjugación en negativas e interrogativas

Con la mayoría de verbos, se usa do/does/did como auxiliar.

Negativas

Pronombre	Presente	Pasado
I	don't work	didn't work
You	don't work	didn't work
He	doesn't work	didn't work
She	doesn't work	didn't work
It	doesn't work	didn't work
We	don't work	didn't work
You (pl)	don't work	didn't work
They	don't work	didn't work

Ojo: Después de doesn't/didn't, el verbo va en base (sin -s).

• ✅ She doesn't work.

• ❌ She doesn't works.

Preguntas

Pronombre	Presente	Pasado
I	Do I work?	Did I work?
You	Do you work?	Did you work?
He	Does he work?	Did he work?
She	Does she work?	Did she work?
It	Does it work?	Did it work?
We	Do we work?	Did we work?
You (pl)	Do you work?	Did you work?
They	Do they work?	Did they work?

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11. Con verbos modales (can, will, should...)

Los modales NO cambian según el pronombre:

Pronombre	Can	Will	Should
I	can	will	should
You	can	will	should
He	can	will	should
She	can	will	should
It	can	will	should
We	can	will	should
You (pl)	can	will	should
They	can	will	should

Ejemplos:

• I can swim. / She can swim. / They can swim.

• He will come. / We will come.

Regla: Después de un modal, el verbo va en base (sin to, sin -s, sin -ing).

• ✅ She can swim.

• ❌ She can swims / to swim / swimming.

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12. Tabla maestra de conjugación

Pronombre	To be (pres)	To have (pres)	To work (pres)	To go (pres)	Can
I	am	have	work	go	can
You	are	have	work	go	can
He	is	has	works	goes	can
She	is	has	works	goes	can
It	is	has	works	goes	can
We	are	have	work	go	can
You (pl)	are	have	work	go	can
They	are	have	work	go	can

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13. Errores comunes

Error	Corrección	Explicación
He don't like it	He doesn't like it	3ª persona usa doesn't
She work here	She works here	3ª persona agrega -s
I and my friend	My friend and I	El yo va al final
Me and him went	He and I went	Sujeto, no objeto
Between you and I	Between you and me	Después de preposición, objeto
The book is my	The book is mine	Posesivo solo = mine
I hurt me	I hurt myself	Reflexivo
Everyone are here	Everyone is here	Indefinidos son singulares
She can to swim	She can swim	Modal + base
I get up myself	I get up	No reflexivo en inglés

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14. Orden correcto en la oración

text

SUJETO + VERBO + OBJETO
 I      love    you.
 She    sees    him.
 They   help    us.

Nunca:

• ❌ Me love you. → ✅ I love you.

• ❌ Him sees she. → ✅ He sees her.

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15. Ejercicios prácticos

Completa con el pronombre o la forma correcta:

1. ______ (I/me) am a student.

2. She loves ______ (he/him).

3. This book is ______ (my/mine).

4. ______ (They/Them) are my friends.

5. He hurt ______ (himself/him) playing soccer.

6. ______ (This/These) are my shoes.

7. She ______ (work) in a bank.

8. ______ (Do/Does) he speak English?

9. I ______ (not/like) coffee.

10. Everyone ______ (is/are) welcome.

Respuestas:

1. I

2. him

3. mine

4. They

5. himself

6. These

7. works

8. Does

9. don't like

10. is

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16. Resumen visual

text

SUJETO → OBJETO → POSESIVO → REFLEXIVO
 I    →  me   →   my/mine →  myself
 you  →  you  →   your/yours → yourself
 he   →  him  →   his/his  →  himself
 she  →  her  →   her/hers →  herself
 it   →  it   →   its/its  →  itself
 we   →  us   →   our/ours →  ourselves
 they → them  →   their/theirs → themselves

Conjugación:

• Solo he/she/it cambia en presente simple (+s)

• To be es el más irregular (am/is/are)

• To have → has en 3ª persona

• Modales nunca cambian

• Después de do/does/did, verbo en base

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¿Quieres que profundice en pronombres relativos, indefinidos, o prefieres un tutorial sobre verbos modales o question words (WH-questions)